It is very interesting how photosynthesis and cellular respiration<span> help each other.</span>
Identical and obviously duplicated gene sequences have gotten from one chromosome to another by chromosomal translocation.
In terms of genetics, a translocation takes place when chromosome fragments and the (often two) fragmented portions reassociate with other chromosomes. For the diagnosis of several genetic diseases and syndromes, the finding of chromosomal translocations can be crucial.
Multigene families are groups of related or identical genes that have developed by gene duplication. It is thought that a single ancestral gene was duplicated and varied to create multigene families. The multigene families that code for actins, hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, tubulins, interferons, histones, etc. are a few examples.
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<span>About 50%
Both the mother and father contribute about the same amount of genetic material to their offspring, but it's not quite 50/50. Taking humans as an example, both parents contribute the same amount of genetic material for 22 of the 23 chromosome pairs, but the 23rd pair that determines gender (the X and Y chromosomes) are of different size. So for female children, both parents contribute about the same amount, but for male children, the mother contributes a larger portion since the X chromosome is quite a bit larger than the Y chromosome from the father. Another area in which the contribution differs is the mitochondrial DNA which is contributed solely by the mother. For mammals, this is about 1% of the total genetic material.</span>
