(1) economists. (2) anthropologists. (3) philosophers.
Answer: negative reinforcement by escape
Explanation: Negative reinforcement occurs when a disliked or aversive stimulus is prevented or altered or stopped. The scenario above describes negative reinforcement by escape which means that an aversive, unwanted or disliked event is removed after it has occurred. Escape is a negative reinforcement and occurs when the aversive stimulus has occurred before being removed. In the context above, Tom was only able to prevent his loss after it has occurred, meaning an escape negative reinforcement.
People went on pilgrimages ( and still do) because they believe they can achieve special benefits which they cannot achieve otherwise, such as forgiveness for all sins (some pilgrimages promise this specifically) or special blessings, such as health improvement.
Answer:
Simple and effective economy
Explanation:
Ancestral Rome's system was focused on agricultural and forced labor, with the primary goal of supplying the Middle eastern region's large population of civilians and nobles. Agricultural production and commerce controlled Roman financial future, with small-scale agricultural activity filling in the gaps.
Answer:
Sam is currently on the obedience and punishment stage of moral development, which is the first stage in the first level (Preconventional).
Explanation:
The preconventional level centers on the idea that a <em>child's morality is </em><em>externally driven</em>, which means that his/her moral behavior is<em> influenced by an external stimulus</em> and not from his/her own thinking.
The first stage in this level is known as obedience and punishment and it occurs when the child <em>obeys rules</em><em> in order to </em><em>avoid punishment,</em> not because he/she believes in these rules.
In this case, Sam is not lending the toy because he thinks his mother will get mad and he will be punished, thus he opts to obey the idea he has of his mother in order to avoid a punishment he believes he will get.
