D. Headaches and elevated blood pressure.
Arthritis is caused by your immune system attacking your joints (rheumatoid) or overuse of the joints (osteo.) Carpal tunnel is caused by overuse of the hands. Hearing and vision loss can be caused by quite a few things, but old age is a common cause. Dental cavities are a combination of not/incorrectly brushing your teeth and other factors like eating too much sugar. Bone loss could be a calcium deficiency.
If they want to gain loose weight then they would need to eat well, so taking in a normal amount of calories but exercising more. To gain wait, take in more healthy calories but not that much of an extreme work out.. Hope this helps.