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<u>cardic muscles:</u> are present only in the heart .single cell is not very strong by itself, millions of cardiac muscle cells working together are easily able to pump all of the blood in the body through the heart in less than a minute. Cardiac muscle cells have a branched shape so that each cell is in contact with three of four other cardiac muscle cells.
<u>characteristics of cardic muscles: </u> one nucleus ,striated, involuntary, branched and joined to one another by intercalated discs that contain gap junctions for depolarization between cells and hold the fibers together when the heart contracts.
1. 6CO2 + H2O -----> C6H12O6 + 02
2. The idea of photosynthesis or light dependent reactions is to convert solar/light energy into chemical energy by the form of ATP and NADPH. CO2 and Water are consumed and react to release Glucose and 02. Approximately 36-38 ATP produced.
3. Water is the source of hydrogen atoms in the glucose (sugar) created by the photosynthesis reaction.
4 .
Step 1) The light absorbed by chlorophyll causes a transfer of electrons and H+ from H20 molecules already present. This causes the H20 to split into molecular 0xygen (02) and a H+ ion.
Step 2.) The O2 is released (we breathe it) and the H+ bonds to NADP+ creating NADPH
Step 3) ATP is formed through photophosphorylation. (ADP gets a phosphate group added to it creating ATP)
Step 4.) The NADPH and the ATP created here go on to fuel the reactions in the second part of photosynthesis - The Calvin Cycle
5. The Calvin cycle is a metabolic process that uses the carbon from carbon dioxide, along with energy in the form of ATP, to produce sugar.
A G3P molecule contains three fixed carbon atoms, so it takes two G3Ps to build a six-carbon glucose molecule. It would take six turns of the cycle.
6. To help synthesize carbohydrates for energy
7. In fixation, the first stage of the Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions are initiated; CO2 is fixed from an inorganic to an organic molecule. In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-PGA into G3P; then ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP and NADP +, respectively
Explanation:
Oxygen and nutrients from food must be absorbed into the bloodstream to be delivered to cells for respiration. Waste materials such as carbon dioxide must be removed from cells into the bloodstream. Tissues contain capillary networks to allow these exchanges to occur at a cellular level.
