(a)
The magnitude of the linear momentum of an object is given by
where
m is the object's mass
v is its speed
In this case, we have
(mass of the proton)
(speed of the proton)
So, the momentum is
b) 7.0 kg m/s
In this case, we have
m = 16.0 g = 0.016 kg (mass of the bullet)
v = 435 m/s (speed of the bullet)
By applying the same formula, the linear momentum is
c) 797.5 kg m/s
In this case, we have
m = 72.5 kg (mass of the sprinter)
v = 11.0 m/s (speed of the sprinter)
By applying the same formula, the linear momentum is
d)
In this case, we have
(mass of the Earth)
(speed of the Earth)
By applying the same formula, the linear momentum is