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Anna35 [415]
3 years ago
7

What did frederick griffith want to learn about bacteria?

Biology
1 answer:
NeX [460]3 years ago
8 0

Griffith wanted to develop a vaccine against pneumonia but during his experiments he identified the genetic material.

In his experiments, he used two strands of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria:

R strain- colonies with rough appearance; nonvirulent

S strain - rounded and smooth colonies; virulent (those bacteria had protein coat that protected them from mice immune system, so when they were injected in mice, mice developed pneumonia and died).

Then in the next steps of his experiment:

• Griffith injected mice with heat-killed S bacteria which did not cause disease;

•  R bacteria were combined with heat-killed S bacteria and injected into a mouse. Mice developed pnenumonia and die, but also Griffith found that the mice contained living S bacteria.

He concluded that the R-strain bacteria must have taken up something from the heat-killed S bacteria, which allowed them to "transform" and become virulent. Today, we now it is genetic material.

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What does the term "complementary" mean in base-pairing?
belka [17]

Answer:

From The School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki. Complementary base pairing is the phenomenon where in DNA guanine always hydrogen bonds to cytosine and adenine always binds to thymine. The bond between guanine and cytosine shares three hydrogen bonds compared to the A-T bond which always shares two hydrogen bonds.

7 0
3 years ago
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Parasitism describes a relationship between two organisms where: *<br> 1 point
abruzzese [7]

Answer:

Parasitism describes a relationship between two organisms where one gets benefit and other get harm.

Explanation:

Parasitism is a type of symbiotic association that is present between two different organisms. In association, one organism gets benefit from the other and the other is damaged. For example, association between mosquitoes and human is parasitism because mosquitoes get benefit in the form of food while human is damaged due to disease cause by mosquito biting.

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3 years ago
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How many possible open reading frames (frames without stop codons) are there that extend through the following sequence? 5'... C
fenix001 [56]

Answer:

There are 4 reading frames without stop codons.

Explanation:

1) To find the possible reading frames you need to separate your sequence in codons (trios)  for the 5'-> 3' sense, first, excluding the first nucleotide, then excluding 2 nucleotides and then not excluding nucleotides.

5'... C TTA CAG TTT ATT GAT ACG GAG AAG G... 3'  NO STOP CODON

5'... CT TAC AGT TTA TTG ATA CGG AGA AGG... 3'  NO STOP CODON

5'... CTT ACA GTT TAT <u>TGA</u> TAC GGA GAA GG... 3'

2)Then you find the complementary sequence (which you already have)

3'... GAA TGT CAA ATA ACT ATG CCT CTT CC... 5'

3'... GA ATG TCA AAT AAC TAT GCC TCT TCC... 5'

3'... G AAT GTC AAA TAA CTA TGC CTC TTC C... 5'

3) Next, you have to obtain the reverse complementary

CCT TCT CCG TAT CAA TAA ACT GTA AG NO STOP CODON

CC TTC TCC GTA TCA ATA AAC TGT AAG NO STOP CODON

C CTT CTC CGT ATC AAT AAA CTG <u>TAA</u> G

4)Now you need to find start (AGT in terms of DNA) and stop codons(<u>TAA</u>, <u>TAG,</u> <u>TGA</u>, also in terms of DNA), in 5->3 and de reverse complementary.

<em />

<em>As you can see, you have for open reading frames that lack of stop codon, unfortunately, they also lack of AGT, the start codon.</em>

I added a table where you can find thestart and stop codons as well as the proteins that they translate to in terms of RNA.

I hope you find this information interesting and useful, good luck!

8 0
3 years ago
Scientists studied reproduction in the New Zealand mud snail to answer the question, “Are there benefits to reproducing sexually
Elena-2011 [213]

Answer:

Sexual reproduction is advantageous over asexual reproduction because it reduces the rate of mutation accumulation.

Explanation:

The main advantage of sexual reproduction is that it increases the genetic variation in the species by creating new combinations of alleles.

However, asexual reproduction produces more offspring, as it is usually a quicker method of reproduction. It also does not require the organisms to socialise to mate.

Sexual reproduction does not reduce the rate of mutation, which is influenced by environmental factors as well as the genome itself.

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3 years ago
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Which statement best explains why we need to monitor environmental factors when making policy decisions?
Mama L [17]

The answer is B for apex

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