Sports drinks contain water, sugar and mineral ions at levels which are most effective at maintaining performance as well as this it also replaces the glucose and maintaining the correct ion/water balance for cells to function effectively.
Answer:
Feathers initially evolved in a role associated with sexual selection.
Explanation:
In species where only males had feathers, these feathers can be considered to have evolved into a role associated with sexual selection. This is because in these species, males used their feathers as a sexual attraction for females, in this case, females chose the males that had more attractive feathers to mate and generate new individuals for the species. An example of this can be seen in the peacock, where the tail with lush feathers is only present in males and is intended to sexually attract females.
Answer:
E) Either anaphase I or II
Explanation:
Failure of segregation of homologous chromosomes during anaphase I or failure of segregation of sister chromatids during anaphase II leads to the presence of the abnormal number of chromosomes in resultant gametes. In the given example, the egg mother cell with 48 chromosomes (24 pairs) would enter meiosis I but the failure of one pair of homologous chromosomes to segregate from each other followed by normal meiosis II would result in the formation of two gametes with one extra chromosome and two gametes with one less chromosome.
On the other hand, if the nondisjunction occurs at anaphase II of meiosis II, two normal gametes, one gamete with one extra chromosome and one gamete with one less chromosome will be formed. Therefore, nondisjunction at anaphase I or anaphase II would have resulted in the production of eggs with one extra chromosome.
Answer:
Inherited traits.
Explanation:
Inherited traits are ones passed down from parent to offspring!
Answer:
DNA restriction enzymes cut the DNA molecule, while DNA ligases join the resulting DNA fragments
Explanation:
Transformation is a naturally occurring process by which bacteria incorporate exogenous genetic material from their surrounding environment. This process (transformation) is used for DNA cloning via plasmid vectors. In DNA cloning, transformation occurs after restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific sequences named palindromic sequences (i.e, sequences that can be read the same in opposite direction). Restriction enzymes can generate sticky-ends, where enzymes make staggered cuts in the two strands (e.g., <em>BamH</em>), or blunt ends, where the resulting strands are of the same length (e.g., <em>HaeIII</em>). In general, sticky-end enzymes are more useful because they generate a 3' overhang in one molecule and a complementary 5' overhang in the other, increasing the yield and specificity of ligation. During ligation, a DNA ligase is used to join both DNA strands by forming phosphodiester bonds in the plasmid. Following transformation, bacteria can be selected on antibiotic plates.
