The arrows B, C, and E represent the process of cooling.
Solid state: In the solid state, the molecules are arranged in a regular and fixed pattern. The molecules in a solid are closely packed that is the solid particles can not move.
Liquid state: In the liquid state, the molecules are present in an irregular pattern. The molecules are closely packed but particles can move.
Gaseous state: In the gaseous state, the molecules are present in an irregular manner. The molecules of gases are not closely packed and can move freely.
Therefore, the solid changes to liquid on heating, and the liquid changes to solid after cooling.
Liquid changes to a gaseous state on heating while gases changes to liquid on cooling.
Solid changes to gas on heating and gases change to solid after cooling.
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Answer:
You first need to construct a balanced chemical equation to describe the reaction:
KOH + HNO3 ---------> KNO3 + H2O
Work out the no. moles of HNO3 being neutralized:
Moles = Volume x Concentration = (25/1000) x 0.0150 = 0.000375 moles
From the balanced equation the molar ratio of KOH to HNO3 is 1:1 so you also need 0.000375 moles of KOH to neutralise the nitric acid
Now you can work out the volume of KOH required:
Volume = Moles/Concentration = (0.000375)/0.05 = 0.0075 dm^3 = 7.5 cm^3
B, 51 mL of mystery solution
