Answer:
the answer for me is the third option (c)
<span>The answer to this question is the second option-" carbohydrate polymers formed as water is removed". In the dehydration synthesis, polymers are created. This is when two molecules formed a new product which results the loss of water. So, this is a process of forming or making a new compound together with the removal of water.</span>
Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html
The correct answer is letter A. both are single cells that carry out the functions of life. Eukaryote has have a true nucleus containing their DNA and it is closely bounded with a cell membrane. Prokaryote does not have a nucleus.
