Court of appeals is the answer
They avoid being detected because this would throw off the behavior patterns that exist naturally and they don't want their presence being known since this might throw it off.<span />
The correct statement here is
(2). Over time, the Arab Empire expanded and conquered Byzantine territories in the Middle East and northern Africa
Explanation:
At the time of the bifurcation and eventual fall of the original Roman empire with its fragmentation, the holy Roman empire up west was the empire that was its successor in a sense while the empire that emerged to the east was of the Byzantines who were ruling from Iran.
Their power would be challenged by the caliphate after the formulation of Islam as they would eventually take over all the territory of the Byzantines and force the empire into near submission.
