Organisms often respond to <u>stress</u> with a fight-or-flight reaction.
Stress can be defined as anything that disturbs an organism's system, be it internal or external. So, if an organism is in danger, or it is attacked, it will either try to fight the danger and either come out as the winner or the loser, or run away to save its life and avoid unnecessary fights.
Answer:
a strong feeling of favour towards or against one group of people, or on one side in an argument, often not based on fair judgement or facts
Explanation:
an interest in one thing more than others; a special ability
to influence somebody/something, especially unfairly; to give an advantage to one group, etc.
Answer:
i think its the first one sorry if its wrong
Explanation:
4 Because animals that raise their young in packs is a cooperative task
Answer AND Explanation:
A small portion of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next successive level. The rest is lost to the environment. The progressive loss of energy at each trophic level puts a natural limit on the total dry mass of living biomass that can exist at each successive trophic level. In a stable ecosystem, the biomass in any trophic level should be more than the successive level in order for it to support the successive level.