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3 years ago

What is the hybridization of the central atom of each of the following molecules? a.) H2O b.) PBr5 c.) COCl2? Thank you so much!

1 answer:

7 0

The notion of hybrid orbitals was "invented" by Linus Pauling in 1931 to explain the observed geometry of mostly organic molecules. Today, we find that hybrid orbitals are pretty much confined to the central atoms found in the second period of the periodic table. Periods 3 and up .... not so much.

(a) H2O ..... O is the central atom, tetrahedral, sp3 hybridization
(b) PBr5 .... P is the central atom, maybe sp2 for the three equatorial bonds *
(c) COCl2.. C is the central atom, trigonal planar, sp2 hybridization

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Let us write the appropriate equilibria and associate the correction <img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_b" id="TexFormula1" tit

rosijanka [135]

Explanation:

The relation between $K_a\&K_b$ is given by :

$K_w=K_a\times K_b$

Where :

$K_w=1\times 10^{-14}$ = Ionic prodcut of water

The value of the first ionization constant of sodium sulfite = $K_{a1}=1.4\times 10^{-2}$

The value of $K_{b1}$ :

$1\times 10^{-14}=1.4\times 10^{-2}\times K_{b1}$

$K_{b1}=\frac{1\times 10^{-14}}{1.4\times 10^{-2}}=7.1\times 10^{-13}$

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3 years ago

Phenol red is an indicator that changes color over a range from ph=6.4 to ph=8.0. what is ka of phenol red?

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First, we will get the average pH of the two given values:
average pH = (6.4+8) / (2) = 7.2
At this average pH, the concentration of the acid from the phenol red is equal to the concentration of the base.
pH = 7.2
[H+] = 10^(-7.2) = 6.3 * 10^-8

Phenol red has the general formula HA, this gives us:
HA <.......> H+ + A-
At pH = 7.2, [H+] = [A-]
Ka = [H+][A-]/ [HA]
Ka = [H+] = 6.3 x 10^-8

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4 years ago