Answer: This clause is taken to mean that when state constitutions or laws passed by state legislatures or the national Congress are found to conflict with the federal Constitution, they have no force.
Explanation:
Maximilien Robespierre was a radical democrat and key figure in the French Revolution of 1789. Robespierre briefly presided over the influential Jacobin Club, a political club based in Paris. He also served as president of the National Convention and on the Committee of Public Safety.
Answer: A failure to earn social reinforcement associated with an "A".
Explanation: According to reinforcement theory, which is an integral part of behavioral theory, it argues that social behaviors are conditioned by external events. Such external events are outside the human psyche, so they absolutely come as an external factor, and people repeat certain behavior if accompanied by some external reinforcement that is pleasant, in Leslie's case it is usually A in tests. Such external factors, events, imply the removal of something unpleasant, that is, aversive, but if this happens, then there is a decline in the acquisition of pleasant reinforcements, the consequence can be depression.
Answer:
Any community, whether stable or not, will never have an infinite number of resources. It will have resources to only feed a certain number of organisms from each species it accommodates. When the population of a species is less than the carrying capacity of an area, then the population of that species will rise abundantly as there will be more resources. But the closer the carrying capacity of a species, the lesser will be the growth rate. If the population if species increases the carrying capacity, then severe competition will begin and the community will become unstable.
