Answer:
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible for us to calculate the vapor pressure of pure toluene by using the Raoult's law as shown below:
Thus, we solve for the mole fraction of benzene in the vapor phase first:
Which means that the mole fraction of toluene in the vapor phase is 0.24, and therefore, the vapor pressure of pure toluene turns out to be:
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Answer: polar protic solvents solvate the nucleophile necessary for attack on the substrate in SN2 substitution.
Explanation:
Aprotic solvents are solvents that lack protons such as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). DMSO has no exposed positive end. The positive end is buried inside the molecular structure. As a result of this, the nucleophile is not solvated. If the nucleophile is solvated, the rate of SN2 reaction will reduce drastically because the nucleophile becomes unavailable to attack the substrate. This solvation normally occur in polar protic solvents such as water because of the exposed positive end of the molecule which interacts with the nucleophile thereby reducing the rate of SN2 reaction.
