So, you need to have same ammount of atoms on the left and on the right side of the equation. You need to count the ammount of attoms of every substance on the left, and make sure that on the right side the ammount is same. For example in the 1st one it’s 6Sn+2P4=2Sn3P4, so that you have 6atoms of Sn on the left and 6 atoms of Sn on the right, same with the P
The answer is C. They lower the activation energy of an elementary step of a reaction
This makes the reaction rate to increase since less energy is required to make a reaction occur.