In active transport, a. vesicle inside the cell fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents outside the cell. b. th
e plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell. c. molecules move across the plasma membrane by crossing the lipid bilayer directly, rather than by using a transport protein. d. molecules move across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient. e. no energy input is required from the cell.
Active transport is used for the transportation of the molecules through the plasma membrane. The active transport requires energy in the form of ATP from molecules transport.
The molecule moves from their region of the higher concentration to the region of their low concentration. The substances involved in the active transport move against their concentration gradient and requires an energy input.
Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) measures the amount of energy that is transferred between trophic levels.
