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Sonbull [250]
3 years ago
15

A local car dealer claims that 25% of all cars in San Francisco are blue. You take a random sample of 600 cars in San Francisco

and find that 141 are blue. Conduct a hypothesis test to see if you can reject the dealer's claim with a significance level of 0.05. Include all ten steps of the hypothesis testing process. Write your answer on a piece of paper and upload a photo or scan, or else type your answer into a electronic document and upload that document. In order to get full credit you must
Mathematics
1 answer:
sammy [17]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

No, we can't reject the dealer's claim with a significance level of 0.05.

Step-by-step explanation:

We are given that a local car dealer claims that 25% of all cars in San Francisco are blue.

You take a random sample of 600 cars in San Francisco and find that 141 are blue.

<u><em>Let p = proportion of all cars in San Francisco who are blue</em></u>

SO, Null Hypothesis, H_0 : p = 25%   {means that 25% of all cars in San Francisco are blue}

Alternate Hypothesis, H_A : p \neq 25%   {means that % of all cars in San Francisco who are blue is different from 25%}

The test statistics that will be used here is <u>One-sample z proportion</u> <u>statistics</u>;

                                  T.S.  = \frac{\hat p-p}{{\sqrt{\frac{\hat p(1-\hat p)}{n} } } } }  ~ N(0,1)

where, \hat p = sample proportion of 600 cars in San Francisco who are blue =   \frac{141}{600} = 0.235

            n = sample of cars = 600

So, <u><em>test statistics</em></u>  =  \frac{0.235-0.25}{{\sqrt{\frac{0.235(1-0.235)}{600} } } } }

                               =  -0.866

<em>Now at 0.05 significance level, the z table gives critical values of -1.96 and 1.96 for two-tailed test. Since our test statistics lies within the range of critical values of z so we have insufficient evidence to reject our null hypothesis as it will not fall in the rejection region due to which we fail to reject our null hypothesis.</em>

Therefore, we conclude that 25% of all cars in San Francisco are blue which means the dealer's claim was correct.

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Seventy percent of all vehicles examined at a certain emissions inspection station pass the inspection. Assuming that successive
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Answer:

(a) 0.343

(b) 0.657

(c) 0.189

(d) 0.216

(e) 0.353

Step-by-step explanation:

Let P(a vehicle passing the test) = p

                        p = \frac{70}{100} = 0.7  

Let P(a vehicle not passing the test) = q

                         q = 1 - p

                         q = 1 - 0.7 = 0.3

(a) P(all of the next three vehicles inspected pass) = P(ppp)

                           = 0.7 × 0.7 × 0.7

                           = 0.343

(b) P(at least one of the next three inspected fails) = P(qpp or qqp or pqp or pqq or ppq or qpq or qqq)

      = (0.3 × 0.7 × 0.7) + (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.7) + (0.7 × 0.3 × 0.7) + (0.7 × 0.3 × 0.3) + (0.7 × 0.7 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.7 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3)

      = 0.147 + 0.063 + 0.147 + 0.063 + 0.147 + 0.063 + 0.027

      = 0.657

(c) P(exactly one of the next three inspected passes) = P(pqq or qpq or qqp)

                 =  (0.7 × 0.3 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.7 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.7)

                 = 0.063 + 0.063 + 0.063

                 = 0.189

(d) P(at most one of the next three vehicles inspected passes) = P(pqq or qpq or qqp or qqq)

                 =  (0.7 × 0.3 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.7 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.7) + (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3)

                 = 0.063 + 0.063 + 0.063 + 0.027

                 = 0.216

(e) Given that at least one of the next 3 vehicles passes inspection, what is the probability that all 3 pass (a conditional probability)?

P(at least one of the next three vehicles inspected passes) = P(ppp or ppq or pqp or qpp or pqq or qpq or qqp)

=  (0.7 × 0.7 × 0.7) + (0.7 × 0.7 × 0.3) + (0.7 × 0.3 × 0.7) + (0.3 × 0.7 × 0.7) + (0.7 × 0.3 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.7 × 0.3) + (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.7)

= 0.343 + 0.147 + 0.147 + 0.147 + 0.063 + 0.063 + 0.063

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With the condition that at least one of the next 3 vehicles passes inspection, the probability that all 3 pass is,

                         = \frac{P(all\ of\ the\ next\ three\ vehicles\ inspected\ pass)}{P(at\ least\ one\ of\ the\ next\ three\ vehicles\ inspected\ passes)}

                         = \frac{0.343}{0.973}

                         = 0.353

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