Answer: 41 7/10
Explanation: The mark is on the seventh out of ten marks
2.0 L
The key to any dilution calculation is the dilution factor
The dilution factor essentially tells you how concentrated the stock solution was compared with the diluted solution.
In your case, the dilution must take you from a concentrated hydrochloric acid solution of 18.5 M to a diluted solution of 1.5 M, so the dilution factor must be equal to
DF=18.5M1.5M=12.333
So, in order to decrease the concentration of the stock solution by a factor of 12.333, you must increase its volume by a factor of 12.333by adding water.
The volume of the stock solution needed for this dilution will be
DF=VdilutedVstock⇒Vstock=VdilutedDF
Plug in your values to find
Vstock=25.0 L12.333=2.0 L−−−−−
The answer is rounded to two sig figs, the number of significant figures you have for the concentration od the diluted solution.
So, to make 25.0 L of 1.5 M hydrochloric acid solution, take 2.0 L of 18.5 M hydrochloric acid solution and dilute it to a final volume of 25.0 L.
IMPORTANT NOTE! Do not forget that you must always add concentrated acid to water and not the other way around!
In this case, you're working with very concentrated hydrochloric acid, so it would be best to keep the stock solution and the water needed for the dilution in an ice bath before the dilution.
Also, it would be best to perform the dilution in several steps using smaller doses of stock solution. Don't forget to stir as you're adding the acid!
So, to dilute your solution, take several steps to add the concentrated acid solution to enough water to ensure that the final is as close to 25.0 L as possible. If you're still a couple of milliliters short of the target volume, finish the dilution by adding water.
Always remember
Water to concentrated acid →.NO!
Concentrated acid to water →.YES!
Answer:All the above
Explanation:
Non-ideal solutions are those solutions which do not obey Raoult's law in any conditions.
The molecular interactions of two components that is solute and solvent are different.
If there are two components A and B then the molecular interaction between A-A,B-B would be different from the molecular interactions in A-B .
The enthalpy of mixing and volume of mixing for non-ideal solutions have non zero values.
Enthalpy of mixing can be negative or positive in case of non-ideal solutions. If the enthalpy of mixing is negative so energy has been released upon mixing the two components and if enthalpy of mixing is positive then energy is absorbed upon mixing the two components.
Non-ideal solutions are simply those solutions which are not ideal hence they should not be having the characterstics of ideal solutions.
For ideal solutions the molecular interactions between the two components are equal.
So the molecular interaction between A-A,B-B would be equal to the molecular interaction between A-B. Also the enthalpy of mixing and volume of mixing for ideal solutions are zero hence all the statements provided here are correctly charactersing non-ideal solutions.
what are the statements that you are able to choose from or do you just have to know?
Answer:
The correct answer is B. 59.8
