Answer:
Having bacteria would produce organic molecules and defeat the whole purpose of the experiment which is to make organic molecules from inorganic molecules. The experiment was supposed to demonstrate the formation of the first organic molecules that initiated life on primordial earth. It is believed that lightning powered the formation of the first simple amino acids, like glycine, from the primordial atmosphere which was mainly composed of carbon dioxide and methane.
Hi
Below are five major steps of DNA or gene cloning:
1: You chose the gene or specific piece of DNA you need to clone and cut the gene with restriction enzymes from the source organism.
2: You need to choose a vector for the process of cloning and you will cut the vector with same restriction enzymes through which you have cut your target DNA sequence to be inserted into the vector.
3: You place the target gene into the vector and join or seal the gene with vector by using an enzyme called DNA ligase.
4: You introduce the vector with your target gene into a suitable host organism such as yeast or bacteria through the process of Transformation. In this process host organism takes up the vector containing your target gene and starts replicating the target DNA along with their own DNA and thus creating millions of copies of target gene .
5: In the last step, the DNA or target gene is isolated from host organism and purified and is ready to be used since its quantity has been enormously increased through the process of cloning.
The cloning is also called as recombinant DNA technology and is the main process that is being used in the production of insulin for diabetes patients. You can see below image for better understanding.
Hope it help!
Answer:
Which of the following mechanisms is used by gram-negative bacteria to cross the blood-brain barrier? D) Inducing TNF
Explanation:
The blood brain barrier is a barrier formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. Pathogens can cross this barrier by using different mechanisms. The Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is the way gram-negative bacteria cross this mentioned blood-brain barrier.
Answer: When the city/county/state/region declares a drought and stops the use of water on lawns, the green stuff dies.The guy with the drought resistant set up will hardly notice any difference in the look of his yard.
Explanation: