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Molodets [167]
3 years ago
7

Is the characteristic of plant cells. It provides support and it separates and surrounds the plant cell.

Biology
2 answers:
ahrayia [7]3 years ago
5 0
Your answer is |The cell wall.
Korolek [52]3 years ago
4 0
That is the function of the cell wall
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The length would be 2, the width would be 2, and the height would be 2. The formula for volume is length x width x height. So, you would multiply 2 x 2 x 2. The answer would be 8 micrometers cubed.
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How many wilderness areas are there in the United States
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Explain the factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis in the early afternoon.
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Several factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis: light intensity. carbon dioxide concentration. temperature.

Explanation:

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How does conservation affect biodiversity?
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The retinoblastoma protein, pRB, is a tumor-suppressor protein that controls the G1/S cell-cycle checkpoint. While pRB is presen
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Answer:

1. pRB phosphorylated: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase because pRB will be degraded.

2. pRB not phosphorylated: The cell will remain in G1 phase i.e. will not enter S phase because pRB will remain bound to E2F.

3. pRB bound to E2F: The cell will remain in G1 phase i.e. will not enter S phase.

4. pRB not bound to E2F: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase.

5. E2F bound to DNA: The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase.

6. CDK4 bound to Cyclin D1:  The cell will not remain in G1 phase i.e. it will enter S phase.

Explanation:

Retinoblastoma protein, pRB supresses tumor by regulating cell cycle progression in G1 phase. When a transcription factor known as E2F is bound to pRB the cell remains in G1 phase and did not proceed further to enter S phase. But as soon as pRB becomes phosphorylated, E2F becomes free and causes gene expression of cyclin E and and cyclin A which are required in progression of cell cycle from G1 phase to S phase.

<u>Signaling involved in cell cycle progression from G1 phase to S phase. </u>

When a cell is unstimulated, pRB is bound to E2F but G1 phase specific growth factors induce the expression of cyclin D through Ras-MAP kinase pathway.

Synthesis of cyclin D leads to the activation of CDK-4 which is a serine-threonine kinase. This kinase causes phosphorylation of pRB which results in the degradation of pRB.

Because of degradation of pRB, <u>E2F becomes free</u> and leads to the expression of cyclin E and and cyclin A which are S phase specific cyclins. This is how cell progresses from G1 phase to S phase.

E2F is a transcription factor which causes expression of S phase specific cyclins i.e. cyclin E and and cyclin A. So, E2F bound to DNA will result in cell cycle progression from G1 phase to S phase.

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