<span>Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds are formed.</span>
Answer: The correct option in blank is anion.
Explanation: Ionic compound is formed by the transfer of electron from one atom to another atom. When an electropositve atom lose an electron it form cation, whereas as anion is formed when an atom gain an electron. These actions and anions then attract each other and form an ionic compound.
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Example: The formation of NaCl is best example of ionic compound. Na has one electron in its outer most shell which can easily be removed to form Na+, while Cl has seven electron in its outer most shell so it can easily gain an electron lost by Na to form Cl-. Then these ions attract each other and form NaCl as shown in the figure.
E = mc2 Meaning
At the beginning of the 20th century, the notion of mass underwent a radical revision. Mass lost its absoluteness. One of the striking results of Einstein’s theory of relativity is that mass and energy are equivalent and convertible one into the other. Equivalence of the mass and energy is described by Einstein’s famous formula E = mc2. In words, energy equals massmultiplied by the speed of light squared. Because the speed of light is a very large number, the formula implies that any small amount of matter contains a very large amount of energy. The mass of an object was seen to be equivalent to energy, to be interconvertible with energy, and to increase significantly at exceedingly high speeds near that of light. The total energy of an object was understood to comprise its rest mass as well as its increase of mass caused by increase in kinetic energy.
In special theory of relativity certain types of matter may be created or destroyed, but in all of these processes, the mass and energy associated with such matter remains unchanged in quantity. It was found the rest mass an atomic nucleus is measurably smaller than the sum of the rest masses of its constituent protons, neutrons and electrons. Mass was no longer considered unchangeable in the closed system. The difference is a measure of the nuclear binding energy which holds the nucleus together. According to the Einstein relationship (E = mc2) this binding energy is proportional to this mass difference and it is known as the mass defect.
<span>When sunlight excites electrons in chlorophyll the energy of the electrons increases. After the electrons gain energy they are taken by carrier molecules from chlorophyll to other molecules.</span>