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3 years ago

Look at the potential energy diagram for a chemical reaction.

Chemistry

1 answer:

vladimir1956 [14]3 years ago

8 0

Answer: The activation energy is 10 kJ and the reaction is exothermic.

Explanation: Exothermic reactions are those in which heat is released and thus the energy of products is less than the energy of reactants.

Endothermic reactions are those in which heat is absorbed and thus the energy of products is more than the energy of reactants.

Activation energy is the extra amount of energy required by the reactants to cross the energy barrier to convert to products.

Given : Energy of reactants = 40kJ

Energy of activation: (50-40)=10 kJ

Energy of products = 50 kJ

Energy of products = 15 kJ

Thus Energy of products (15kJ) < Energy of reactants(40kJ), the reaction is exothermic as energy has been lost to surroundings in the form of heat.

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C2H4(g) + H2(g) → C2H6(g) ΔH = –137.5 kJ; ΔS = –120.5 J/K Calculate ΔG at 25 °C and determine whether the reaction is spontaneou

Katen [24]

Answer:-ΔG=-101.5KJ

Explanation:We have to calculate ΔG for the reaction so using the formula given in the equation we can calculate the \Delta G for the reaction.

We need to convert the unit ofΔS in terms of KJ/Kelvin as its value is given in terms of J/Kelvin

Also we need to convert the temperature in Kelvin as it is given in degree celsius.

$\Delta H=-137.5\\ \Delta S=-120J/K\\ \Delta S=-0.120KJ/K\\ T=25^{.C}\\ T=273+25=298 K\\ \Delta G=?\\ \Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S\\\Delta G=-137.5KJ-(278\times -0.120)\\ \Delta G=-137.5+35.76\\\Delta G=-101.74\\\Delta G=Negative$

After calculating forΔG we found that the value ofΔG is negative and its value is -101.74KJ

For a reaction to be spontaneous the value of \Delta G \ must be negative .

As the ΔG for the given reaction is is negative so the reaction will be spontaneous in nature.

In this reaction since the entropy of reaction is positive and hence when we increase the temperature term then the overall term TΔS would become more positive and hence the value of ΔG would be less negative .

Hence the value of ΔG would become more positive with the increase in temperature.

So we found the value of ΔG to be -101.74KJ

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