Vasectomy and Tubal ligation are operations that have an effect on meiosis in individuals who have elected to have these operations in that it causes meiosis to stop.
A vasectomy or Tubal ligation are operations that are often performed as a method of birth control. A vasectomy is the male version of the operation and includes a procedure that negates the gametes or sex cells from reaching the sperm and being ejected from the body, thus preventing fertilization.
Tubal ligation is a similar process performed on women. The goal of this operation is the same as in the vasectomy, to stop the "egg cell" from being released and thus preventing it from being fertilized. Both procedures have been shown to cause meiotic arrest in individuals following the operation, In some cases, meiosis resumes after some time.
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convergent evolution - called analogy
a potential source of confusion in constructing a phylogeny is similarity between organisms that is due to convergent evolution - called analogy - rather than to shared ancestry. thus for mammals, the backbone is a shared ancestral character, a character that originated in an ancestor of the taxon
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They can contain DNA or RNA as their genetic material