The process that assists helpers with understanding their own attitudes and feelings is : Self-awareness
self-awareness make a person capable of judging and introspecting themselves to create a better version of themselves. People with high-self awareness tend to live without needing the approval of others and held themselves in high standard
The answer to this question is based on the person you ask.
Modern civilizations can be considered more “civilized” than ancient ones in the way that we are more advanced and have greater structures of organized government, writing, art, and architecture.
Ancient civilizations on the other hand can be considered more civilized in the fact that they had stronger social classes and specialized labor.