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monitta
3 years ago
11

When optically active (S)-2-methylcyclopentanone is treated with aqueous base, the compound loses its optical activity. Explain

this observation and draw a mechanism that shows how racemization occurs. For the mechanism, draw the curved arrows as needed. Include lone pairs and charges in your answer. Do not draw out any hydrogen explicitly in your products. Do not use abbreviations such as Me or Ph.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Sunny_sXe [5.5K]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

See explanation below

Explanation:

In this case, we need to see which is the structure of this compound. Now, racemization occurs basically because we are in an aqueous basic medium, and the ketone can reacts again with water in the medium to form the starting reagent.

First, the base will take out the Alpha hydrogen from the ketone, then, the negative charge goes down and opens up the carbonile group, forming a double bond in there. Later, with the water of the medium, it reacts and substract a proton, and then, with keto enolic equilibrium, forms again the ketone, but this ketone is different from the start, it will be the  R isomer which is not optically active.

See picture below for mechanism

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First, we calculate the mass of the sample:

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Now, we will calculate the mass of each component using its percentage mass, then divide it by its atomic mass to find the moles and finally multiply the number of moles by the number of particles in a mole, that is, 6.02 x 10²³.

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3 years ago
Ethanol, C2H6O, is most often blended with gasoline - usually as a 10 percent mix - to create a fuel called gasohol. Ethanol is
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Answer:

This means 463 grams of ethanol would provide less amount of energy

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Heat of combustion of ethanol = 326.7 kcal/mol

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Step 2: Calculate moles octane

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Step 3: Calculate energy of combustion of 4.05 moles octane

Combustion of 1 mol octane gives us: 1.308 * 10³ kcal/mol

Combustion of 4.05 moles octane gives us 4.05 * 1.308 * 10³ kcal/mol = <u>5.30 * 10³ kcal</u>

This means the combustion reaction of 463 grams of octane gives us 5.30 * 10³ kcal

Step 4:

Heat of combustion of ethanol = 326.7 kcal/mol

OR in words: combustion of 1 mol ethanol gives us 326.7 kcal energy

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Since combustion of 1 mol ethanol gives us 326.7 kcal

10.05 moles ethanol will give us = 10.05 * 326.7 = 3283.3 kcal = <u>3.28 * 10³ kcal</u>

<u />

5.30 * 10³ kcal > 3.28 * 10³ kcal

This means 463 grams of ethanol would provide less amount of energy

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