The Aufbau principle states that, hypothetically, electrons orbiting one or more atoms fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels (e.g., 1s before 2s). In this way, the electrons of an atom, molecule, or ion harmonize into the most stable electron configuration possible.
Frequency is represented by f in the formula v=fπ. Where π is wavelength , f is frequency and v is velocity. Frequency is the number of waves passing per unit time.
: If you mean table salt i.e. sodium chloride. It is held together by ionic bonds between sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. The sodium ions have a positive charge and the chlorine ions have a negative charge. Since opposite charges attract, they form ionic bonds. Ionic bonds are nothing more than the attraction between positive and negative ions.
Ionization energy is directly proportional to elements location on the periodic table
Maybe this example could help you to understand this problem.
https://image.slidesharecdn.com/121howmanyatoms-091201144624-phpapp02/95/12-1-how-many-atoms-17-728....
