B. The boiling point would be lower; water boils at lower temperatures at high altitudes.
The extracellular glucose inhibit transcription of the lac operon (D) by reducing the levels of intracellular cAMP.
Lac operon is the assembly of various genes that are involved in the uptake and metabolism of lactose of E. coli or any other bacteria. It consists of a regulator gene, promoter gene, operator and structural gene. Structural genes are three: z, y and a. Each codes for a different enzyme.
cAMP is the cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate. It is produced by the bacteria when there are low levels of glucose in it. Hence it is also named as hunger signals. Therefore, cAMP is responsible for activating the operon to produce lactose.
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Enzymes can be denatured unfolded by heat or chemicals.
<h3>What are enzymes?</h3>
Enzymes are proteins that are found in living organisms which are able to increase the rate of chemical reaction and remains unchanged at the end of the reaction.
The factors that can denature enzymes include heat and chemicals. This is because:
- Higher temperatures disrupt the shape of the active site, which will reduce its activity, or prevent it from working. When the enzyme loses its shape, it is said to have been denatured.
- These environmental factors can alter the pH level of the enzyme.
Therefore, for an enzyme to perform its functions, the external factors that affects it's activities must be normal and favorable.
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Carbon is transfered by plants and animals.
The overall charge of an atom is neutral because it has the same amount of protons and neutrons. They are positive and negative so they cancel each other out.
