A favorable supply shock is a sudden increase in supply that makes the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) shift to the right, average price levels go down and real GDP also shifts to the right. In this case, average price levels go down as shown in the figure below from p1 to p2 SRAS shifts right.
This may make create deflation in an economy and discourage new producers to enter the market, to bring back inflation, the central bank may reduce interest rates and decrease the money supply in the market, and in short, will follow expansionary monetary policy. This will make people demand more and hence as aggregate demand shifts to correct average price levels may again go up. This move will create new jobs in the market as aggregate demand will increase in the short term.
A supply shock is an event that causes unexpected cost increases or production disruptions. This shifts the short-run aggregate supply curve to the left, boosting inflation and lowering real domestic production.
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Answer:
2.11%
YTM 0.089142162
YTC 0.068070103
Difference: 0.021072059 = 0.0211 = 2.11%
Explanation:
To calculate each rate we must solve for a rate at which the future coupon payment and maturity (or call value) equals the market price:
This is solve for excel and goal seek tool
It could also be solve with a financial calculator
YTC:
Coupon payment: $ 120
time 5 yeaars
rate 0.068070103 (solved with excel)
PV $494.5766
Maturity: $ 1,050 (call price)
time 5.00
rate 0.068070103
PV 755.42
PV c $494.5766
PV m $755.4235
Total $1,250.0002
YTM:
Cuopon payment: $ 120
time 15 years
rate 0.089142162 (solved with excel)
PV $972.2006
Maturity $ 1,000.00
time 15 years
rate 0.089142162 (solved with excel)
PV 277.80
PV c $972.2006
PV m $277.7995
Total $1,250.0001
Answer:
The options are given below:
A. Firm X
B. Firm Y
C. Same variability of operating profits
D. It would depend on tax effect on taxable income
The correct option is B. Firm Y
Explanation:
This is because firm Y has a higher operating leverage than firm X.
<u>Operating Leverage</u> refers to a cost-accounting formula that measures the degree to which a firm can increase operating income by increasing revenue. Operating leverage actually boils down to the analysis of fixed costs and variable costs, and it is highest in companies that have a high fixed operating costs in comparison with variable operating costs. What this means is that this kind of company makes use of more fixed assets. On the other hand, operating leverage is lowest in companies that have a low fixed operating costs when compared with variable operating costs.
Companies with high operating leverage are capable of making more money from each additional sale if they do not have to incur more costs to produce more sales.
Therefore, from the scenario given above, we can conclude that firm Y has a higher operating leverage than firm X, because firm X has lower fixed costs than firm Y, and a higher variable cost than firm Y as well. Hence, firm Y has the potential to make more operating profits from its business activities.
Both have the same interest rate which is 3%.
<h3>
What is interest?</h3>
- In finance and economics, interest is the payment of an amount above the repayment of the principal sum by a borrower or deposit-taking financial institution to a lender or depositor at a specific rate by a borrower or depositor.
- It differs from a fee that the borrower may pay to the lender or a third party.
To find the higher interest rate:
Given that,
- Interest rate per month = 0.25%
- Interest rate per quarter = 0.75%
If we calculate the annual interest for monthly and quarterly rates, it will be:
Monthly
- No. of months in a year = 12
- Monthly rate = 0.25%
So,
- Annual Interest = 0.25 × 12
- = 3%
Quarterly
- No. of quarters in a year = 4
- Quarterly rate = 0.75%
So,
- Annual Interest = 0.75 × 4
- = 3%
Therefore, both have the same interest rate which is 3%.
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