a.) The orientation of ABCD is clockwise, as is the orientation of A'B'C'D'. This means the transformation involves a even number of reflections (may be 0). The orientation of AB is North, and the orientation of A'B' is West, so a rotation of 90° CCW (or equivalent) is involved. We can find the point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of AA' and BB' (at (-1, -1)) to determine a suitable center of rotation.
ABCD can be transformed to A'B'C'D' by ...
- rotation 90° CCW about the point (-1, -1)
b.) Rotation by 90° can also be accomplished by reflection across a diagonal line. Since we want the orientation to remain unchanged, we need another reflection to put the figure into its final position. A suitable alternate sequence for mapping ABCD to A'B'C'D' is ...
- reflection across the line y=x
- reflection across the line x=-1
