Fractional distillation is used for the refining of crude petroleum.
<h3>How are the components of
crude petroleum separated out?</h3>
Fractional distillation is the procedure used to separate crude oil's numerous constituents.
- A mixture is divided into several components, known as fractions, using fractional distillation.
- A combination of hydrocarbons makes up crude oil. The crude oil evaporates, and in the fractionating column, its vapors condense at various temperatures.
- The hydrocarbon molecules in each percent have a comparable number of carbon atoms and a comparable range of boiling points.
- The mixture is placed above a tall fractionating column that has multiple condensers coming off at various heights.
- The bottom of the column is warm, while the top is cool. High boiling point compounds condense at the bottom, whereas low boiling point substances condense as they ascend.
Learn more about fractional distillation here:
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In this question, you are given the wine/alcohol concentration (12%) and the volume of the alcohol(0.75l). You are asked the alcohol content in milli liters, so don't forget to change the unit. Then the equation would be:
Alcohol content= alcohol concentration * bottle volume
Alcohol content = 12%* 0.75l * 1000ml/l= 90ml
ANSWER- ocean winds can carry moisture with then mmm and can bring rain.
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Answer is: D. Na2SO4.
b(solution) = 0.500 mol ÷ 2.0 L.
b(solution) = 0.250 mol/L.
b(solution) = 0.250 m; molality of the solutions.
ΔT = Kf · b(solution) · i.
Kf - the freezing point depression constant.
i - Van 't Hoff factor.
Dissociation of sodium sulfate in water: Na₂SO₄(aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq).
Sodium sulfate dissociates on sodium cations and sulfate anion, sodium sulfate has approximately i = 3.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium iodide (KI) have Van 't Hoff factor approximately i = 2.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) has covalent bonds (i = 1, do not dissociate on ions).
Because molality and the freezing point depression constant are constant, greatest freezing point lowering is solution with highest Van 't Hoff factor.
Answer:
1. Caffeine, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
Amount = 1.00/194 = 0.00515 moles
2. Ethanol, C₂H₅OH
Amount = 0.0217 moles
3. Dry Ice, CO₂
amount = 0.0227 moles
<em>Note: The question is incomplete. The compound are as follows:</em>
<em> 1. Caffeine, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂;</em>
<em>2. Ethanol, C₂H₅OH;</em>
<em>3. Dry Ice, CO₂</em>
Explanation:
Amount (moles) = mass in grams /molar mass in grams per mole
1. Caffeine, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
molar mass of caffeine = 194 g/mol
Amount = 1.00 g/194 g/mol = 0.00515 moles
2. Ethanol, C₂H₅OH
molar mass of ethanol = 46 g/mol
Amount = 1.00 g/46 g/mol = 0.0217 moles
3. Dry Ice, CO₂
molar mass of dry ice = 44 g/mol
amount = 1.00 g/44 g/mol = 0.0227 moles
