Answer:
²³⁸₉₃Np → Pu₉₄²³⁸ + ⁰₋₁e
Explanation:
²³⁸₉₃Np → Pu₉₄²³⁸ + ⁰₋₁e
Beta radiations:
Beta radiations are result from the beta decay in which electron is ejected. The neutron inside of the nucleus converted into the proton an thus emit the electron which is called β particle.
The mass of beta particle is smaller than the alpha particles.
They can travel in air in few meter distance.
These radiations can penetrate into the human skin.
The sheet of aluminium is used to block the beta radiation
⁴₆C → ¹⁴₇N + ⁰₋₁e
The beta radiations are emitted in this reaction. The one electron is ejected and neutron is converted into proton.
there is a google calculator for this, but i don't know the exact formula.
Continental plates are much thicker that Oceanic plates. At the convergent boundaries the continental plates are pushed upward and gain thickness. The rocks and geological layers are much older on continental plates than in the oceanic plates. The Continental plates are much less dense than the Oceanic plates.
Answer:
91.16% has decayed & 8.84% remains
Explanation:
A = A₀e⁻ᵏᵗ => ln(A/A₀) = ln(e⁻ᵏᵗ) => lnA - lnA₀ = -kt => lnA = lnA₀ - kt
Rate Constant (k) = 0.693/half-life = 0.693/10³yrs = 6.93 x 10ˉ⁴yrsˉ¹
Time (t) = 1000yrs
A = fraction of nuclide remaining after 1000yrs
A₀ = original amount of nuclide = 1.00 (= 100%)
lnA = lnA₀ - kt
lnA = ln(1) – (6.93 x 10ˉ⁴yrsˉ¹)(3500yrs) = -2.426
A = eˉ²∙⁴²⁶ = 0.0884 = fraction of nuclide remaining after 3500 years
Amount of nuclide decayed = 1 – 0.0884 = 0.9116 or 91.16% has decayed.
