Answer:
volcanic eruptions
Explanation:
The volcanic eruptions are the ones that manage to cause changes to the lithosphere by building up new material on the surface. Through the volcanic eruptions we have release of pyroclastic material on the surface, and more importantly and in much higher amount lava flows. The lava flows quickly cool off on the surface on the Earth, and as they do they pile up new layers of igneous rocks, thus new crust on the surface of the Earth, causing changes on the lithosphere and shaping it for the foreseeable future.
Answer:
Part a)

so the polarization axis of two polarizers must be at 90 degree
Part b)

(vi) set the second polarizer so that its angular scale reads 34.3 degrees.
Explanation:
Part 1)
As per law of Malus we know that the intensity of light coming from the second polarizer and the intensity of the light from first polarizer is related as

now we know that we rotate the second polarizer till the intensity of the light becomes zero
so we will have

so we will have

so the polarization axis of two polarizers must be at 90 degree
Part b)
when two axis are inclined at 90 degree then scale reads 104.3 degree
so here the scale exceeds the reading by

so in order to make them inclined at 20 degree we will have

(vi) set the second polarizer so that its angular scale reads 34.3 degrees.
Answer:
Q.5 - Adaptation is the evolutionary process whereby an organism becomes better able to live in its habitat or habitats.
Q.6 - An adaptation is a special skill which helps an animal to survive and do everything it needs to do. Adaptations could be physical changes to the animals body or behavioural changes in how an individual animal or a society do things in their daily lives. ( I may not be right )
Q.4 - Whereas weather refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere, climate describes what the weather is like over a long period of time in a specific area. Different regions can have different climates.
Explanation:
I think there is no need for explaining :)
To solve this problem with have to follow the order of operations. (PEMDAS) Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiply, Divide, Add, Subtract.
We'll start with the first set of parenthesis.
(6.02*10^23)
10^23 = 1e+23 (1 followed by 23 zeroes)
6.02*1e+23 = 6.02
Now we'll solve the second set of parenthesis.
(8.65*10^4)
10^4 = 10,000
8.65 * 10,000 = 86,500
Now onto the final step. We multiply together both numbers.
6.02 * 86,500 = 520,730<span>
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To answer the problem we would be using this formula which isE = hc/L where E is the energy, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light and L is the wavelength
L = hc/E = 4.136×10−15 eV·s (2.998x10^8 m/s)/10^4 eV
= 1.240x10^-10 m
= 1.240x10^-1 nm