Answer:
cos(θ) > 0
Step-by-step explanation:
In Quadrant IV, the cosine is positive.
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In the attached, trig functions not listed are negative.
1 liter is the same thing as 1000 milliliters. (Milli literally means 1000)
Thus 2 liters is 2000 milliliters.
To understand the function better, let's convert it from polar coordinates to cartesian coordinates. The relation between those coordinates are

Our function is

If we multiply both sides by r, we have

The square of the radius is equal to the sum of the squares of the cartesian coordinates

Using this identity, we can rewrite our function as

Completing the square, we can rewrite our function as

This is a equation of a circle.
Root3 would be between 1 and 2 on the number line. This is known because 1 squared is 1, and 2 squared is 4.
Since this is a linear function, filling in the minimum and maximum of the domain is sufficient.
f(-4) = -16 + 9 = -7
f(2)= 8 + 9 = 17
So the range of the function (given the domain) :
R = {-7, 17}