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dalvyx [7]
3 years ago
9

Two ecologists, Robert H. MacArthur and Edward Wilson, studied how organisms immigrate to islands and how their numbers change a

fter colonization. They developed the island biogeography model to explain the composition and diversity of island species. The graph below shows the number of species versus the size of the Caribbean island:
Use the Species by Area graph to answer the following:
Describe the relationship between species number and island size observed in the data.
Describe two additional factors that affect species richness on islands.

Scientists have found that most species on the same continent are more closely related to each other than to organisms on other continents. They hypothesize that this phenomenon is due to the evolution that occurred after the continents split apart, or in the case of island biogeography, after islands formed off the coast of mainland regions.
Explain the role of adaptive evolution in island biodiversity.
Describe one process that leads to speciation of islands.
Explain how the biodiversity of an island affects its ecological tolerance to change.
Explain how specialist species are affected when generalist species migrate to an island.

Island ecosystems experience ecological succession in different stages of their development.
Describe the process of primary succession on an island.
Describe the process of secondary succession on an island.
Identify two scenarios that lead to secondary succession on an island. Explain how these scenarios can affect island biodiversity.

Advanced Placement (AP)
1 answer:
katovenus [111]3 years ago
7 0
2872182738183773hsjaiaoqowonsnajskd
You might be interested in
1. ) How is an experiment performed, and what are its major components?
Murljashka [212]

Explanation:

How exactly do researchers investigate the human mind and behavior? While there are a number of different research techniques, the experimental method allows researchers to look at cause-and-effect relationships.

In the experimental method, researchers identify and define key variables, formulate a hypothesis, manipulate the variables and collect data on the results. Extraneous variables are carefully controlled to minimize a potential impact on the outcome of the experiment.1

Experimental Method in Psychology

The experimental method involves manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable. This method relies on controlled methods, random assignment and the manipulation of variables to test a hypothesis.

Types of Experiments

There are a few different types of experiments that researchers might choose to use. The type of experiment chosen might depend on a variety of factors including the participants, the hypothesis and the resources available to the researchers.

Lab Experiments

Lab experiments are very common in psychology because they allow experimenters more control over the variables. These experiments can also be easier for other researchers to replicate. The problem, of course, is that what takes place in a lab is not always identical to what takes place in the real world.

Field Experiments

Sometimes researchers might opt to conduct their experiments in the field. For example, let's imagine that a social psychologist is interested in researching prosocial behavior. The experimenter might have a person pretend to faint and observe to see how long it takes onlookers to respond.

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STUDENT RESOURCES STUDY GUIDES AND TIPS

How the Experimental Method Works in Psychology

By Kendra Cherry Fact checked by Amanda Tust Updated on May 06, 2020

Female college student conducting scientific experiment in science laboratory classroom

Caiaimage/Sam Edwards / Getty Images

How exactly do researchers investigate the human mind and behavior? While there are a number of different research techniques, the experimental method allows researchers to look at cause-and-effect relationships.

In the experimental method, researchers identify and define key variables, formulate a hypothesis, manipulate the variables and collect data on the results. Extraneous variables are carefully controlled to minimize a potential impact on the outcome of the experiment.1

Experimental Method in Psychology

The experimental method involves manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable. This method relies on controlled methods, random assignment and the manipulation of variables to test a hypothesis.

Types of Experiments

There are a few different types of experiments that researchers might choose to use. The type of experiment chosen might depend on a variety of factors including the participants, the hypothesis and the resources available to the researchers.

Lab Experiments

Lab experiments are very common in psychology because they allow experimenters more control over the variables. These experiments can also be easier for other researchers to replicate. The problem, of course, is that what takes place in a lab is not always identical to what takes place in the real world.

Field Experiments

Sometimes researchers might opt to conduct their experiments in the field. For example, let's imagine that a social psychologist is interested in researching prosocial behavior. The experimenter might have a person pretend to faint and observe to see how long it takes onlookers to respond.

This type of experiment can be a great way to see behavior in action in realistic settings. However, it makes it more difficult for the researchers to control the variables and can introduce confounding variables that might influence the results.

The Basics of Prosocial Behavior

Quasi-Experiments

While lab experiments represent what are known as true experiments, researchers can also utilize a type known as a quasi-experiment. Field experiments can be either quasi-experiments or true experiments.

Quasi-experiments are often referred to as natural experiments because the researchers do not have true control over the independent variable.

Instead, the treatment level is determined by the natural conditions of the situation. A researcher looking at personality differences and birth order, for example, is not able to manipulate the independent variable in the situation. Treatment levels cannot be randomly assigned because the participants naturally fall into pre-existing groups based on their birth order in their families.

So why would a researcher choose to use a quasi-experiment? This is a good choice in situations where scientists and interested in studying phenomena in natural, real-world settings. It is also a good choice in situations where researchers cannot ethically manipulate the independent variable in question.

6 0
3 years ago
If the wait time is less than 30 minutes for 75% of all patients in the emergency room, what is the probability that the
Greeley [361]

The probability that the proportion of patients who wait less than 30 minutes is 0.582 or less is 0.0020

<h3>What is probability? </h3>

Probability can be defined as the likelihood of an event to occur. In statistics, the mean of the sample distribution typically shows the probability of the population.

From the parameters given:

  • The sample size (n) = 55 patients
  • Let's assume that the mean (x) = 32 (i.e. 58.2%) of the patients

The sample proportion \mathbf{\hat p} can be computed by using the expression:

\mathbf{\hat p = \dfrac{x}{n}}

\mathbf{\hat p = \dfrac{32}{55}}

\mathbf{\hat p =0.582}

If the percentage of the probability of all patients in the emergency room = 0.75

The probability that the proportion of patients who wait less than 30 minutes is 0.582 or less can be computed as:

\mathbf{( \hat P \leq 0.582) = P \Big( \dfrac{\hat p - p}{\sqrt{\dfrac{p(1-p)}{n}}} \leq \dfrac{0.582 - 0.75}{\sqrt{\dfrac{0.75(1-0.75)}{55}}} \Big )}

\mathbf{( \hat P \leq 0.582 )= P \Big( Z \leq \dfrac{-0.168}{\sqrt{0.003409}} \Big )}

\mathbf{( \hat P \leq 0.582) = P \Big( Z \leq -2.88 \Big )}

From the Z distribution table:

\mathbf{( \hat P \leq 0.582) = 0.00198}

\mathbf{( \hat P \leq 0.582) \simeq 0.0020}

Learn more about probability here:

brainly.com/question/24756209

5 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Explain how changing religious ideals, Enlightenment beliefs, and republican thought began to shape the politics, culture, and s
GenaCL600 [577]

Answer:

Throughout the clarification portion below, the definition including its query is mentioned.

Explanation:

  • As cultural differentiation amongst these colonies declined over time, inside the framework of the British colonial administration, they established largely identical structures of culture, legislation, institutions, as well as administration.  
  • Fresh theories about politics as well as culture contributed to discussions on spirituality and policy throughout the 18th century, as well as gradually stimulated experimentation in new legislative systems.
  • Protestant theological religious ideology reinforced the perception of so many other British colonists favored person endowed with independence, while intellectuals and philosophies from the Enlightenment influenced several American political theorists to priorities personal performance over inherited privilege.  
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
1. A popular TV talk show host regularly calls for severe legal
barxatty [35]

The defense mechanisms is he employing to reduce his own guilt feelings is denial and hostility to those involve in drug abuse.

<h3>What are defense mechanism?</h3>

Defense mechanisms are known to be a kind of behaviors that people often use to separate themselves from any kind of unwanted or unpleasant situations, actions, or thoughts.

They are regarded as  psychological strategies that can help people put distance between themselves and ill feelings, such as guilt.

Learn more about defense mechanism from

brainly.com/question/4523765

5 0
2 years ago
PLEASE HELP! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!
uysha [10]
A.
Hope this helps for you.
3 0
2 years ago
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