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DNA is tightly packed up to fit in the nucleus of every cell. As shown in the animation, a DNA molecule wraps around histone proteins to form tight loops called nucleosomes. These nucleosomes coil and stack together to form fibers called chromatin. Chromatin, in turn, loops and folds with the help of additional proteins to form chromosomes. Condensing DNA into chromosomes prevents DNA tangling and damage during cell division.
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The higher biodiversity in an ecosystem means that there is a greater variety of genes and species in that ecosystem.
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Secondary succession occurs when the severity of disturbance is insufficient to remove all the existing vegetation and soil from a site. Many different kinds of disturbances, such as fire, flooding, windstorms, and human activities (e.g., logging of forests) can initiate secondary succession.
Chloroplasts are cell organelles that are key in the process of photosynthesis.
The chloroplasts have two distinct parts, one of them called the thylakoid containing the chlorophyll, a pigment essential for photosynthesis and the stroma, a liquid part that contains DNA molecules, enzymes, and ribosomes.
