Answer:
- 2SO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O -----------> 2H₂SO₄
- Theoretical yield of H₂SO₄ = 213 g
- percent yield of H₂SO₄ = 94 %
Explanation:
Data Given:
volume of SO₂ = 48.6 L
mass of H₂SO₄ = 200 g
balance equation = ?
theoretical yield = ?
percent yield = ?
Solution:
Part 1:
first we have to write a balance equation for the reaction
SO₂ gas react with water (H₂O) and excess oxygen
The balanced equation is as under
2SO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O -----------> 2H₂SO₄
Part 2:
Now we have to find theoretical yield
First look at the balance reaction
2SO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O -----------> 2H₂SO₄
2 mol 2 mol
2 moles of SO₂ give gives 2 moles of H₂SO₄
Now calculate volume of 2 moles of SO₂ and mass of 2 moles of H₂SO₄
volume of 2 moles of SO₂
Formula used
volume of gas = no. of moles x molar volume . . . . . . (1)
molar volume of SO₂= 22.4 L/mol
Put values in above formula (1)
volume of gas = 2 mol x 22.4 L/mol
volume of gas = 44.8 L
volume of 2 mole of SO₂ = 44.8 L
Now,
Find mass of 2 mole H₂SO₄
Formula Used
mass in grams = no. of moles x molar mass . . . . . . . (2)
molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 2 (1) + 32 + 4(16)
molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 98 g/mol
put values in equation 2
mass in grams = 2 mol x 98 g/mol
mass in grams = 196 g
mass of 2 mole of H₂SO₄ = 196 g
** So,
Now we come to know that
44.8 L of SO₂ gives 196 g of H₂SO₄ then how many grams of the H₂SO₄ will be produced by 48.6 L of SO₂
Apply unity Formula
44.8 L of SO₂ ≅ 196 g of H₂SO₄
48.6 L of SO₂ ≅ X g of H₂SO₄
Do cross multiplication
g of H₂SO₄ = 196 g x 48.6 L / 44.8 L
g of H₂SO₄ = 213 g
So that is why the theoretical yield of H₂SO₄ is 213 g
Theoretical yield of H₂SO₄ = 213 g
Part 3
Calculate Percent Yield:
Formula used for this purpose:
percent yield = actual yield /theoretical yield x 100 %
Put value in the above formula
percent yield = 200 g/ 213 g x 100 %
percent yield = 94 %
So percent yield of H₂SO₄ = 94 %
=
. We make sure the temperatures are expressed in Kelvin, hence the given added with 273. The volume 2 is equal to 25.2881 liters.