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Doss [256]
3 years ago
15

The type of hypersensitivity reaction that is mediated by IgG or IgM antibodies directed against target antigens on specific hos

t cell surfaces or tissues is also known as which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Biology
1 answer:
Sladkaya [172]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Type II Hypersensitivity

Explanation:

Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated immune responses that are detrimental to the host and Type II Hypersensitivity is also known as antibody-mediated hypersensitivity.

This type of hypersensitivity reaction involves humoral immunity and it occurs when IgM or IgG antibodies bind to cell surface antigens which lead to complement activation or IgG/FcγR interaction.

Clinical manifestations of Type II hypersensitivity responses include trans- fusion reactions, hemolytic disease of the newborn, autoimmune reactions to cellular antigens or tissues and hyperacute rejection of transplanted tissue.

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Describe all muscle tissues, including cell shape, layers, intercellular connections,
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<h2>Description of muscle tissues. </h2>

Explanation:

There are three types of muscle tissue are cardiac, smooth, and skeletal.  

1. <u>Cardiac muscle tissue:</u><u> </u>It is located in the walls of the heart.

They appear striated.  

Control is involuntary.

Function: To pump blood through the blood vessels in your body.

2. <u>Smooth muscle tissue:</u><u> </u>It is located in walls of hollow visceral organs, except the heart.

They appear spindle-shaped.

Control is involuntary.

Function: To move food through the digestive tract.  

To regulates air flow in lungs.

3. <u>Skeletal muscle tissue:</u> It occur in muscles which are attached to the skeleton.  

They appear striated.

Control is voluntary.

Function: To support the body.

It makes bones and other body parts move.

<u>Cell shape :</u> There are different shapes of cells which are as follows:

1. Squamous 2.Cuboidal 3. Columnar 4. Polygonal  5. Stellate

6. Spheroid 7. Discoid 8. Fusiform 9. Fibrous.

<u>Muscular layer:</u> The muscular layer is present in many organs in the vertebrate body.

It is responsible for peristaltic movement in body.

There are two layers of muscle.

1. Inner 2. Outer layer.  

<u>Inner layer:</u> The muscle of the inner layer is arranged in circular rings around the tract.

<u>Outer layer:</u> the muscle of the outer layer is arranged longitudinally.  

<u>Intercellular connections or junctions: </u>These are the structures which provide adhesion and communication between cells.  

There are mainly three types of junctions:

1. <u>Tight junctions: </u><u> </u>It help to stop substances  from leaking across a tissue.

2. <u>Adhering junctions:</u> It perform the  function of cementing so as to  keep neighbouring cells together.

3. <u>Gap junctions:</u> It facilitate the cells to  communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining  cells, for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big molecules.

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