Answer:
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Explanation:
The outgroup is the most distant taxonomic group that shares no traits or characters with the lineages of interest, which compose the ingroup. You can compare the outgroup with the ingroup to determine the evolutive relationship and which characters are primitive or derived.
Even though the outgroup shares a common ancestor with the ingroup, this is placed far away in evolution, making the outgroup to be the taxonomic group less related to the other lineages. The lineages in the ingroup share another common ancestor that is more recent in history.
To select the outgroup, you need to focus on what you are interested in. There might be several outgroups, but you should choose the one that is more related or closer to the ingroups. This selection is important because you need to make comparisons to understand the evolution of specific traits.
In the exposed example, we need to focus on animals that have four limbs. Then, we might assume that the ingroup is composed of Amphibians Crocodiles Dinosaurs. Sharks and Ray-Finned Fish do not have four limbs, so they might be considered outgroups.
From these two outgroups, sharks have a cartilaginous skeleton, while Ray-Finned Fishes have a bony skeleton. This fact makes ray-finned fishes more related to the ingroup than the sharks. So,
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Answer:
C is the answer!
Photosynthesis: CO2 + H20 ➔ C6H1206 + O2
Cellular Respiration: C6H1206 + 02 ➔ CO2 + H20 (+ Energy)
This jet stream—the one that forms at the polar front—affects weather in the United States. ... This shift occurs because the entire hemisphere is cooler, so the boundary between the cold polar air and the warm southern air shifts south. As a result, the jet stream shifts toward the south in winter.
<u>Antibiotics are used to kill bacteria:</u>
Antibiotic is a naturally produced substance that is used to kill bacteria. The first antibiotic was penicillin produced from fungus. The word antibiotic means against life which means it is against the life of pathogenic bacteria.
In the case of the living organism that is treated antibiotic is ‘pro life’. Antimicrobials are used to kill pathogenic microbes like fungus, bacteria, virus etc. Sometimes the microbes become resistant to the antimicrobials and they are said to develop is antimicrobial resistance.
When pathogens develop antimicrobial resistance newer drugs have to be developed in place of the earlier ones to treat the disease.
