DNA is replicated during the “S” phase (synthesis).
The second one is strike slip fault.
the third one is normal fault.
the first one is reverse fault.
In a membrane, the tail of the phospholipids in one monolayer face the tail of the phospholipids in the other monolayer.
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What is cell membrane?</h3>
- The cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates and protects the inside of all cells from the outside environment.
- It is also known as the plasma membrane (PM), cytoplasmic membrane or plasmalemma (extracellular space).
- The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, which is made up of two layers of phospholipids interwoven with cholesterol (a lipid component) to maintain proper membrane fluidity at different temperatures.
- Furthermore, membranes are composed of membrane proteins, such as those that cannot be separated across the membrane and function as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that simply attach to the outer membrane of the cell and function as membrane transporters. enzymes to help the cell interact with its environment.
- The integrated glycolipids of the outer lipid layer perform a similar function.
To learn more about the membrane, refer to the following link:
brainly.com/question/1768729
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Answer:
In this case, it is likely that the polypeptide chain assumed an alpha helix configuration because the lipid bilayer did not have beta-barrel proteins.
Explanation:
A polypeptide chain is naturally polar, however, a lipid bilayer is naturally non-polar. This makes it difficult and even prevents the polypeptide chain from crossing a lipid bilayer, since the composition of these two elements does not allow them to mix. In that case, the polypeptide chain has two options to take to successfully cross the lipid bilayer.
The first option that the polypeptide chain has is to allow the creation of twisted beta sheets in the shape of a closed barrel in its structure. This only works if the lipid bilayer has beta barrel proteins in its composition to act as a transport channel for the polypeptide chain. However, few lipid layers have this protein.
Most likely, the polypeptide chain assumes an alpha helix conformation to cross lipid bilayers that do not have beta-barrel proteins. By assuming the beta conformation, the polypeptide chain reinforces the hydrogen bonds present in its composition, allowing it to cross the lipid bilayer without having its conformation and structure disassembled.
