The one who doesn’t smoke has a very low chance of getting lung cancer as the one who does make has a good change of getting lung cancer. Which makes there health different which also makes there also makes there Likelihood of getting lung cancer differ.
Explanation:
Respiration in the mitochondria utilizes oxygen for the production of ATP in the Krebs’ or Citric acid cycle via the oxidization of pyruvate (through the process of glycolysis in the cytoplasm).
overall: C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ≈38 ATP
Further Explanation:
In all eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are small cellular organelles bound by membranes, these make most of the chemical energy required for powering the biochemical reactions within the cell. This chemical energy is stored within the molecule ATP which is produced.
Oxidative phosphorylation follows; this is a process in which the NADH and FADH2 made in previous steps of respiration process give up electrons in the electron transport chain these are converted it to their previous forms, NADH+ and FAD. Electrons continue to move down the chain the energy they release is used in pumping protons out of the matrix of the mitochondria.
This forms a gradient where there is a differential in the number of protons on either side of the membrane the protons flow or re-enter the matrix through the enzyme ATP synthase, which makes the energy storage molecules of ATP from the reduction of ADP. At the end of the electron transport, three molecules of oxygen accept electrons and protons to form molecules of water...
- Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm. 2 molecules of ATP are used to cleave glucose into 2 pyruvates, 4 ATP and 2 electron carrying NADH molecules. (2 ATP are utilized for a net ATP of 2)
- The Citric acid or Kreb's cycle: in the mitochondrial matrix- 6 molecules of CO2 are produced by combining oxygen and the carbon within pyruvate, 2 ATP oxygen molecules, 8 NADH and 2 FADH2.
- The electron transport chain, ETC: in the inner mitochondrial membrane, 34 ATP, electrons combine with H+ split from 10 NADH, 4 FADH2, renewing the number of electron acceptors and 3 oxygen; this forms 6 H2O, 10 NAD+, 4 FAD.
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3:1 homozygous dominant, heterozygous dominant, heterozygous dominant and <span>homozygous recessive.</span>
<span>Natural
selection has 4 processes.</span>
<span>Individuals looks different and have different
characteristics from another within their own species (genetic variation). Some
characteristics suits better for the environment, which has to be passed on
from one generation to the next. The humming birds with long bills will mate
with those that have that too so they'll produce offspring with long bills. </span>
<span>The
second process is over production of offspring. The humming birds produces lots
of offspring but only a few survives. </span>
<span>Another factor of natural selection is
struggle for existence, which leads to differential survival and reproduction.
There are environmental pressures, like not having enough space or food, for
example, humming birds compete fiercely for resources like nectar. Natural
selection will favor individuals that are more efficient at getting nectar and
natural selection will result in changes in wing shape which can allow them to
fly longer distance and affect the length and shape of bill for them to drink
nectar. Little changes may affect how well they feed and survive. Those who are
the fittest survives and are most likely to reproduce and pass on their
advantageous genes to their offspring. If the long bills are more advantageous
and can survive better in a particular environment, then overtime, those with
short bills will disappear because they can't survive and the entire population
would have long bills.</span>
The second stage of aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the matrix where the Kreb cycle happens.