Let X denote the voltage at the output of a microphone, and suppose that X has a uniform distribution on the interval from −1 to
1. The voltage is processed by a "hard limiter" with cutoff values −0.5 and 0.5, so the limiter output is a random variable Y related to X by Y = X if |X| ≤ 0.5, Y = 0.5 if X > 0.5, and Y = −0.5 if X < −0.5.
