Answer:
The peer-review process
Explanation:
The peer-review process, also known as refereeing deals with the subjection of the scholarly work of an author, ideas or research to evaluation and scrutiny by some group of experts in the same field, before the paper is then submitted for publication in a journal, as a book, or conference proceedings. This is the same example as stated in the scenario portrayed in the question, and it is a necessary step to get your work published.
Individual rights were included in the Constitution because "b. the people demanded a listing of rights". The list of right or bill of rights was result of the proposed amendments that emphasizes rights of individuals not the rights of states.
Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries.
Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time.
Most of the significant expansion occurred during the reign of the Rashidun from 632 to 661 CE, which was the reign of the first four successors of Muhammad.
The caliphate—a new Islamic political structure—evolved and became more sophisticated during the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates.
