luconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms.[2] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In ruminants, this tends to be a continuous process.[3] In many other animals, the process occurs during periods of fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise. The process is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or GTP, effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Gluconeogenesis is also a target of therapy for type 2 diabetes, such as the antidiabetic drug, metformin, which inhibits glucose formation and stimulates glucose uptake by cells.[4] In ruminants, because dietary carbohydrates tend to be metabolized by rumen organisms, gluconeogenesis occurs regardless of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, exercise, etc.[5]
DNA<span> and </span>RNA<span> are nucleic acids found in the cells of living organisms. ... The </span>synthesis<span> of </span>proteins<span> starts with transcribing the instructions in </span>DNA<span> into mRNA. The mRNA is then carried out of the cell's nucleus into the cytoplasm, specifically into structures called ribosomes.</span>
11 Systems would happen to be
- Muscular
-Endocrine
-Circulation
-Lymphatic
-Respitory
-Integumentary
-Repreductive
-Urinary
-Digestive
Which type of sound wave-object interaction breaks down kidney stones and destroys cancer cells?- absorption
Ghrelin INCREASES APPETITE.
Ghrelin is an hormone which is majorly produced by the stomach. Other organs, which produces the hormone in small quantities include: the brain, the pancreas and the small intestines. The hormone has many functions, but its major function is to stimulate appetite, increase food intake and to promote fat storage.
