Answer:
b. Covalent bond between R groups
Explanation:
Disulfide bridge also known as disulfide bond or dicysteine bond is a type of interaction in which two cysteines of proteins come in close proximity with each other and form covalent bond with their functional (R) groups. The purpose of this bond is to stabilize the tertiary structure of a protein and make it more compact.
Please see the attached image for more understanding.
The allele for sickle cell anemia would be an example of natural selection. In most situations, having crescent shaped red blood cells would hold less oxygen & would not be ideal. But in places that are affected by diseases like malaria, which attack red blood cells, having crescent blood cells minimizes the threat malaria can cause.
Hope this helps!
A. pressure increases in the artery and causes the heart to work more
When the artery cannot expand the pressure builds up in the smaller space that remains. As the pressure builds, the heart has to work harder to push the same amount of blood through that smaller opening.
Hope that helps.
Answer:
A.) Liver has Eukaryotic Cells.
Explanation:
Trust me.
