Answer:
There are three common methods of charging a battery; constant voltage, constant current and a combination of constant voltage/constant current with or without a smart charging circuit.
Constant voltage allows the full current of the charger to flow into the battery until the power supply reaches its pre-set voltage. The current will then taper down to a minimum value once that voltage level is reached. The battery can be left connected to the charger until ready for use and will remain at that “float voltage”, trickle charging to compensate for normal battery self-discharge.
Constant current is a simple form of charging batteries, with the current level set at approximately 10% of the maximum battery rating. Charge times are relatively long with the disadvantage that the battery may overheat if it is over-charged, leading to premature battery replacement. This method is suitable for Ni-MH type of batteries. The battery must be disconnected, or a timer function used once charged.
Constant voltage / constant current (CVCC) is a combination of the above two methods. The charger limits the amount of current to a pre-set level until the battery reaches a pre-set voltage level. The current then reduces as the battery becomes fully charged. The lead acid battery uses the constant current constant voltage (CC/CV) charge method. A regulated current raises the terminal voltage until the upper charge voltage limit is reached, at which point the current drops due to saturation.
<u>Explanation:</u>
% Gravel = 100 - 72% = 28%
% Sand = 100 - 28 - 15 = 57%
% Fires = 100 - 0 - 28 - 57 = 15%
The soil is poorly graded soil.
Answer:
intrinsic semiconductors
Explanation:
An intrinsic semiconductor is also known as a pure conductor. In such a semiconductor there are no impurities, that is why it is said to be pure.
It has some of these properties:
1. Electrical conductivity is only based on temperature
2. The quantity of electrons is the same as the number of holes in the valence bond
3. Electrical conductivity is not on the high side
4. These materials exist in their pure forms.
