Answer:
C. Both parents
Explanation:
I am not going to explain in full detail but basically the offspring needs something from the mom and the dad to live
Answer:
enfermedad
Explanation:
De acuerdo a la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el término enfermedad refiere a la alteración y/o deterioro del estado fisiológico normal de un individuo o partes de su cuerpo, cuyas causas a menudo son conocidas. A su vez, una enfermedad es conocida cuando possee un cuadro clínico con síntomas preestablecidos y característicos. Las enfermedades se pueden clasificar de acuerdo a muchos tipos diferentes de parámetros (por ejemplo, de acuerdo a su modo de transmisión en infecciosas/no infecciosas, hededitarias/ambientales, etc). Por otra parte, el concepto de salud se refiere a un estado de bienestar físico, mental y social del individuo, el cual no solamente está asociado a la ausencia de enfermedades.
Answer:
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is associated with aberrations in genetic, morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics. A number of genes located on human chromosome 21 (HSA21) encode proteins which are thought to be involved in numerous metabolic pathways, e.g., phosphofructokinase, cystathionine β-synthase etc. Perturbations of the metabolic pathways may lead to altered drug metabolism in DS individuals. We present a review of metabolic aberrations linked to HSA21 genes in DS. We particularly focus on drug disposition, efficacy, sensitivity and toxicity of anti-leukaemic agents including methotrexate, glucocorticoids, anthracyclines and cytarabine in DS leukaemia. The different outcomes of therapy due to differential drug response, varied drug toxicity and treatment related mortality in DS leukaemia is a subject of much research and speculation. Altered drug response in DS individuals may stem from differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics. Further large-cohort studies in different age groups dissecting metabolic and molecular pathways involved in drug response may increase our understanding in this regard and stipulate pharmacotherapies in DS.
