Answer:
(1) Nitrite poisoning
(2) Its cause is elevated levels of nitrite in the pond or culture system water.
Differentiation in plants refers to the processes by which distinct cell types arise from precursor cells and become different from each other. Plants have about a dozen basic cell types that are required for everyday functioning and survival. Additional cell types are required for sexual reproduction. While the basic diversity of plant cell types is low compared to animals, these cells are strikingly different. For example, some cells such as parenchyma cells retain the potential to respond to environmental and/or hormonal signals throughout their life and, under the right conditions, can be transformed into another cell type (transdifferentiation). Other cells such as the water-conducting vessel elements undergo cell death as part of their differentiation pathway and thus can never transdifferentiate to another cell type
Read more: http://www.biologyreference.com/Co-Dn/Differentiation-in-Plants.html#ixzz54pAhWVdn
DNA<span> is transcribed into RNA, 1 base of </span>DNA<span> corresponds to 1 base of RNA, this 1 to 1 relation is not used in the translation to </span>protein<span>. During this translation, 1 amino acid is added to the </span>protein strand for every 3 bases in the RNA so b<span>efore double stranded </span>DNA<span> is turned into </span>protein<span> it first goes through a process called transcription. </span>
Answer:
Examples:
- Short-term adaptation: feedback inhibition
- Long-term adaptation: regulation of gene expression
Explanation:
Feedback inhibition is a mechanism where the product of a chemical reaction is utilized to modulate its own subsequent synthesis. In bacteria, feedback inhibition allows regulating different metabolic pathways in response to environmental conditions by modulating enzyme activity through enzyme reaction products. Moreover, bacteria may also respond to environmental inputs by long-term changes in gene expression. For example, bacteria contain transcription factors activated during stress, which are able to activate the transcription of particular genes into messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that would subsequently be used to generate particular enzymes by the process of translation. These transcription factors may bind to specific DNA motifs in order to promote transcriptional activity, thereby regulating the production of the corresponding enzyme.
