1. The temperature on a winter night in Kansas is - 6 Celsius. The
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Given that a medical study investigated the effect of calcium and vitamin supplements on the risk of older Americans for broken bones. A total of 389 older Americans who lived at home and were in good health were studied over a three-year period. While all of the 389 people took in at least 700 milligrams of calcium and 200 units of vitamin D through their normal diet, 187 of them were given additional supplements containing 500 milligrams of calcium citrate and 70 units of vitamin D daily. Of the 187 who took additional supplements, 11 of them suffered broken bones over the three-year period. Of the 202 older Americans who did not take the additional supplement, 26 of them suffered broken bones over the study period.
Group I Group II Total
n 187 202 389
favour x 11 26 37
The fraction of older Americans who were included in the study suffered broken bones during the three-year period
=Total x/total n
=