Answer:
The microorganism–microorganism or microorganism–host interactions are the key strategy to colonize and establish in a variety of different environments. These interactions involve all ecological aspects, including physiochemical changes, metabolite exchange, metabolite conversion, signaling, chemotaxis and genetic exchange resulting in genotype selection. In addition, the establishment in the environment depends on the species diversity, since high functional redundancy in the microbial community increases the competitive ability of the community, decreasing the possibility of an invader to establish in this environment. Therefore, these associations are the result of a co-evolution process that leads to the adaptation and specialization, allowing the occupation of different niches, by reducing biotic and abiotic stress or exchanging growth factors and signaling. Microbial interactions occur by the transference of molecular and genetic information, and many mechanisms can be involved in this exchange, such as secondary metabolites, siderophores, quorum sensing system, biofilm formation, and cellular transduction signaling, among others. The ultimate unit of interaction is the gene expression of each organism in response to an environmental (biotic or abiotic) stimulus, which is responsible for the production of molecules involved in these interactions. Therefore, in the present review, we focused on some molecular mechanisms involved in the microbial interaction, not only in microbial–host interaction, which has been exploited by other reviews, but also in the molecular strategy used by different microorganisms in the environment that can modulate the establishment and structuration of the microbial community.
Explanation:
Answer:
c. The pharynx
Explanation:
The pharynx is a tubular organ that begins in the funnel-shaped neck down the neck, extending from 12 to 15 cm in length and about 35 mm at its onset and about 15 mm at the end. its ending. It has communication with the esophagus, nasal passages and the ears. The pharynx is located behind the nasal passages and in front of the cervical vertebrae, remains attached to the larynx and esophagus.
Simply put, we can say that the pharynx is a funnel-shaped passageway that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the "voice box," also known as the larynx.
Answer:
What is one question you have about the study of life? Talk about the meaning of life and inquire about the way in which human beings. From philosophy this has to do with freedom
What is one question you have about biology?
What is the cell?
Who was Robert Hooke?
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
And the difference between plant and animal cells?
Who was Louis Pasteur?
What does the theory of biogenesis say?
What do you mean "sterilized"?
Explanation:
secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland, and regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes of the body
Answer:
Image result for why was domesticating and confining animals so important to the food supply of early civilization
Throughout history, people have bred domesticated animals to promote certain traits. Domestic animals are chosen for their ability to breed in captivity and for their calm temperament. Their ability to resist disease and survive in difficult climates is also valuable.
Explanation:
Domestication of animals help the humans in many ways for eg; Cows and goats gave them milk and meat , Cattle also helped them in ploughing the fields also Cattle and sheep are kept for their wool, skins, mea,t and milk, large animals can also be used to do physical work like carrying things or plowing the field
