Dehydration is removal of water.
In alcohols dehydration is α-β elimination or 1,2 elimination, it means the hydroxyl group will be removed from α-carbon while the hydrogen will be removed from near by carbon.
In case of neopentyl alcohol there is no β hydrogen present on the β carbon [as shown in figure].
The only possible way for it to undergo dehydration is by rearrangement.
The process or mechanism can be understood as:
so the chief product is 2-methylbut-2-ene
Complete Question
The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image
Answer:
a) Splitting pattern for Ha= 2+1 , Triplet
For Proton Hb and Hc both are equivalent to each other. non equivalent protons n= 3
Splitting pattern for Hb and Hc= 3+1 , Quartet
For Proton Hd, number of non equivalent protons n= 0
Splitting pattern for Hd= 0+1 , Singlet
b) Splitting pattern for Ha= 2+1 , Triplet
For Proton Hb and Hc both are equivalent to each other. non equivalent protons n= 3
Splitting pattern for Hb and Hc= 3+1 , Quartet
For Proton Hd, number of non equivalent protons n= 0
Splitting pattern for Hd= 0+1 , Singlet
c) The IUPAC name is Butan-2-ol
Explanation:
Considering the first question the rule used for prediction of splitting pattern is n+1 (Pascal's Triangle rule), where n is number of H atom on the adjacent carbon which are non equivalent.
According to that for molecule 1 as shown on the second uploaded image
For Proton Ha, number of non equivalent protons n= 2
Splitting pattern for Ha= 2+1 , Triplet
For Proton Hb and Hc both are equivalent to each other. non equivalent protons n= 3
Splitting pattern for Hb and Hc= 3+1 , Quartet
For Proton Hd, number of non equivalent protons n= 0
Splitting pattern for Hd= 0+1 , Singlet
Considering the second question for Molecule 2 as shown on the third uploaded image
For Proton Ha, number of non equivalent protons n= 1
Splitting pattern for Ha= 1+1=2 , Doublet
For Proton Hb, number of non equivalent protons n= 3
Splitting pattern for Hb= 3+1=4 , Quartet
For Proton Hc, number of non equivalent protons n= 3
Splitting pattern for Hc= 3+1=4 , Quartet
For Proton Hd, number of non equivalent protons n= 1
Splitting pattern for Ha= 1+1=2 , Doublet
Considering the third question
The name of the given molecule is gotten according to longest carbon chain = 4 (Prefix 'Butan')
Functional group = -OH (Suffix 'ol') at C-2
The IUPAC name is Butan-2-ol
Answer : The value of of the gas is 2.79 Joules.
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the moles of helium.
Molar mass of helium = 4 g/mole
Now we have to calculate the heat.
Formula used :
where,
q = heat
n = number of moles of helium gas = 0.0125 mole
= specific heat of helium = 20.8 J/mol.K
= initial temperature = 310.0 K
= final temperature = 235.0 K
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
Now we have top calculate the work done.
Formula used :
where,
w = work done
p = pressure of the gas = 1 atm
= initial volume = 1.21 L
= final volume = 0.99 L
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
conversion used : (1 L.atm = 101.3 J)
Now we have to calculate the value of of the gas.
Therefore, the value of of the gas is 2.79 Joules.